Galathea pubescens Stimpson, 1858

(Fig. 120 A)

Galathea pubescens Stimpson, 1858: 90 (Hakodate and Amami-oshima Island, Japan, 46–60 m).— Stimpson 1907: 233 (E coast of Amami-oshima Island and Hakodate, Hokkaido, 46–60 m).— Balss, 1913b: 11, figs 11, 12 (Sagami Bay, 120–150 m).— Yokoya, 1933: 57 (W of Muroto-zaki, Japan, 234 m).— Makarov, 1938: 91, figs 32, 33 (no record).—Miyake in Miyake & Nakazawa, 1947: 732, fig. 2116 (no record).—Miyake, 1965: 634, fig. 1043 (no record).— Miyake, 1982: 145, pl. 49, fig. 3 (S of Kii Peninsula, 45 m).— Tirmizi, 1966: 187 (Zanzibar, 421–457 m).— Baba, 1969a: 48, fig. 5 (East China Sea, 120 m).— Kim, 1973: 176, fig. 20, pl. 65, figs, 6a, 6b (Korea).— Haig, 1974: 447 (Western Australia).— Miyake, 1982: 145, pl. 49, fig. 3 (southern Kii Peninsula, 45 m).— Baba, 1988: 76 (off N Mindanao, between Cebu and Bohol, between Cebu and Leyte, E coast of Mindoro, and South China Sea off SW Luzon, 198–494 m).— Baba, 1994: 4 (off Central Queensland, 296–303 m).— Wu et al., 1998: 97, figs 14, 21A (Taiwan).— Komai, 2000: 353 (list).— Davie, 2002: 62 (list).— Baba, 2005: 83, fig. 30, 245 (key, synonymies, Japan, Bali Sea, Kei Islands, Arafura Sea and New Caledonia, 137–450 m).—Baba et al., 2008: 76 (compilation).— Baba et al., 2009: 92, figs. 105–106 (Taiwan, 209–349 m).— Dong & Li, 2010: 17 (East and South China seas, 110–494 m).— Poore et al., 2011: 333, pl. 11F (color photo, Philippines).

Not Galathea pubescens . —Baba, 1990: 956 (Madagascar, 150–350 m) (= Galathea villosa n. sp.).

Dubious identification:

Galathea pubescens . — Tirmizi & Javed, 1993: 72, fig. 31 (Durban, South Africa, 138 m).

Material examined. Indonesia. Kei Islands. KARUBAR, Stn DW49, 08°00’S, 132°59’E, 206–210 m, 29 October 1991: 1 M 3.8 mm, 1 F 3.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15959).

Philippines. MUSORSTOM 1, Stn CP24, 14°00'N, 120°18’E, 189–209 m, 22 March 1976: 1 M 6.0 mm, 1 F 5.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15971).—Stn CP25, 14°03’N, 120°20’E, 191–200 m, 22 March 1976: 1 ov. F 4.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15972).—Stn CP32, 14°02’N, 120°18’E, 184–193 m, 23 March 1976: 1 M 3.7 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-15974).—Stn CP33, 13°59’N, 120°19’E, 187–197 m, 23 March 1976: 1 ov. F 6.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15973).— Stn CP40, 13°57’N, 120°28’E, 265–287 m, 24 March 1976: 1 ov. F 6.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15975).—Stn CP51, 13°49’S, 120°04’E, 170–200 m, 25 March 1976: 1 M 5.3 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15976).— Stn CP61, 14°02’N, 120°18’E, 184–202 m, 27 March 1976: 1 M 4.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15977). MUSORSTOM 2, Stn CP18,14°00’N, 120°19’E, 188–195 m, 22 November 1980: 2 ov. F 4.9–6.7 mm (MNHN- IU-2013-15966).—Stn CP63, 14°07’N, 120°15’E, 215–230 m, 29 November 1980: 1 ov. F 5.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-15967).—Stn CP64, 14°01’N, 120°19’E, 191–195 m, 29 November 1980: 1 M 5.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15968).—Stn CP68, 14°02’N, 120°19’E, 195–199 m, 29 November 1980: 1 ov. F 5.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15969).—Stn CP72, 14°01’N, 120°19’E, 182–197 m, 30 November 1980: 1 M 4.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15970). MUSORSTOM 3, Stn CP99, 14°01’N, 120°19’E, 196–204 m, 1 June 1985: 1 M 6.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15962).— Stn CP103, 14°00’N, 120°18’E, 193–200 m, 1 June 1985: 1 M 5.4 mm, 1 ov. F 6.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-15963).—Stn CP111, 14°00’N, 120°17’E, 193–205 m, 2 June 1985: 1 ov. F 5.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15965).—Stn CP125, 11°58’N, 121°28’E, 388–404 m, 4 June 1985: 1 ov. F 8.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15947).— Stn CP138, 11°54’N, 122°15’E, 252–370 m, 6 June 1985: 1 F 5.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15964).

Vanuatu. MUSORSTOM 8, Stn CP1039, 16°49.63’S, 168°30.20’E, 464–472 m, 30 September 1994: 1 M 5.3 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15960).—Stn CP1090, 15°08.46’S, 167°17.94’E, 470–502 m, 6 October 1994: 1 M 6.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15952). BOA 0, Stn CP2330, 15°41.779'S, 167°03.829'E, 295–890 m, 18 November 2004: 1 ov. F 6.3 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15958). SANTO, Stn AT18, 15°41.3'S, 167°02.6'E, 321–336 m, 21 September 2006: 1 ov. F 5.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15951).— Stn AT27, 15°22.4'S, 167°15.4'E, 341–347 m, 23 September 2006: 1 M 5.7–6.2 mm, 1 F 6.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15949); 1 M 6.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15948).—Stn AT28, 15°23.6'S, 167°16.1'E, 342–350 m, 23 September 2006: 1 ov. F 6.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15950).

New Caledonia. MUSORSTOM 4, Stn CP241, 22°09.00’S, 167°12.20’E, 470–480 m, 3 October 1985: 2 M 4.3–5.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15961). BATHUS 1, Stn CP670, 20°54'S, 165°53'E, 394–397 m, 14 March 1993: 1 ov. F 4.3 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15955).—Stn DW687, 20°34'S, 165°07'E, 408–440 m, 16 March 1993: 1 ov. F 3.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15956). BATHUS 4, Stn CP930, 18°51.36'S, 163°23.63’E, 520–530 m, 7 August 1994: 1 ov. F 6.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15953).— Stn CP939, 18°58.18’S, 163°25.37’E, 304–320 m, 8 August 1994: 1 ov. F 6.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15954).

Tonga. BORDAU 2, Stn CP1541, 21°15’S, 175°14'W, 319–333 m, 5 June 2000: 2 ov. F 3.8–4.2 mm (MNHN- IU-2013-15957).

Coloration. Base color translucent light pink or pink. Carapace and anterior half of abdomen orange, whitish along lateral margin, with pale longitudinal stripe flanking midline. P1 orange, with tips of spines whitish (Baba et al., 2009). The specimens photographied in Vanuatu do not have the longitudinal stripes.

Remarks. The present material agrees quite well with previous descriptions (see Baba et al. 2009 and references). The material from Madagascar and identified as G. pubescens (Baba 1990, see below) belongs to G. villosa n. sp. The specimens from South Africa (Tirmizi & Javed 1993) needs further study. Galathea pubescens is closely related with G. caesariata n. sp. from Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and New Caledonia, G. crinita n. sp. from New Caledonia and Chesterfield Islands, G. tagaloa n. sp. from Fiji and Tonga, and G. villosa n. sp. from Madagascar, Mozambique, and Vanuatu (see Remarks of G. tagaloa and G. villosa).

The genetic divergences between G. pubescens and other species are always higher than 16.8% (COI) and 8.5%, (16S rRNA) (Tab. 2).

Distribution. Previous records from Japan to New Caledonia and off Central Queensland, 45– 494 m. Present records from the Philippines, Indonesia (Kei Islands), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and Tonga, 170– 890 m.