Genus Sandbergeroceras Hyatt, 1884

Type species

Goniatites tuberculoso-costatus Sandberger & Sandberger, 1850, by original designation.

Diagnosis

Triainoceratidae with eight to twelve umbilical lobes.

Included species

Goniatites tuberculoso-costatus Sandberger & Sandberger, 1850, Rhenish Mountains; Sandbergeroceras acutum Termier & Termier, 1950, Anti-Atlas; Goniatites costatus d’Archiac & de Verneuil, 1842, Rhenish Mountains; Sandbergeroceras sandbergerorum Miller, 1938, Rhenish Mountains; Sandbergeroceras syngonum Clarke, 1899, New York; Goniatites incertus d’Archiac & de Verneuil, 1842, Rhenish Mountains; Goniatites tuberculosus d’Archiac & de Verneuil, 1842, Rhenish Mountains; Sandbergeroceras archiaci sp. nov., Rhenish Mountains.

Remarks

Hyatt (1883 –1884) established two genera for multilobate, coarsely ribbed ammonoids previously described from the Red Ironstone by d’Archiac & de Verneuil (1842) and Sandberger & Sandberger (1850 –1856):

(1) “ Sandbergeoceras ”, which was probably misspelled by Hyatt (1883 –1884: 333); his intention was obviously the genus name Sandbergeroceras with “ Goniatites tuberculoso-costatus Sandberger & Sandberger, 1850 ” as type species. This species, however, was not without problems, as it was only conceived by Sandberger & Sandberger (1850 –1856) as a combination of the two species “ Goniatites tuberculosus ” and “ Goniatites costatus ” introduced by d’Archiac & de Verneuil (1842). Miller (1938) discussed these problems and created the new name Sandbergeroceras sandbergerorum to replace “ Goniatites tuberculoso-costatus ”, but later(Miller 1952)supported the use of the name Sandbergeroceras tuberculosocostatum . This name was subsequently confirmed by the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature (1956). Hyatt (1883 –1884) characterised the genus Sandbergeroceras on the basis of the suture line illustrated by Sandberger & Sandberger (1850 –1856: pl. 4 fig. 1f), which shows an undivided external lobe. However, it should be noted that the external lobe of the illustrated small specimen (Sandberger & Sandberger 1850 –1856: pl. 4 fig. 1a–e) is already rather clearly divided.

(2) Triainoceras, which was introduced by Hyatt (1883 –1884: 336) with “ Goniatites costatus d’Archiac & de Verneuil, 1842 ” as the type species. This genus should be separated from “ Sandbergeoceras ” only in the trident subdivision of the external lobe.

Both genera are probably to be regarded as synonyms; it is to be considered which of the two can be considered more suitable for classifing the specimens from the Red Ironstone. Since better original material is available for “ Goniatites tuberculoso-costatus Sandberger & Sandberger, 1850 ”, the genus Sandbergeroceras, which is founded on this species is preferred here.