Cacopsylla nocturna sp. nov.

Figures 4 (a–g), 8(c), 10(e–f)

Description

Adult.

Colouration (Figure 10 (e–f)). Body dark brown to black in overall view. Vertex white in ground, mostly covered by brown markings except for antero-inner angles, antero-outer angles and postero-inner angles; discal foveae dark brown. Genal processes ochre, with apical half brown. Compound eyes black; lateral ocelli orange, medial ocellus brown. Occiput black; postocular sclerites black, with margin entirely white. Antenna brown, with black apices on segments III–XIII, and segments IX–X entirely black. Thoracic dorsum mostly orange, with brown to dark brown stripes and patterns; pronotum with three brown markings in the middle; the two triangular patches in mesopraescutum almost covering the whole ground. Metapostnotum entirely black. Thoracic pleurites almost completely black, except for the antero-dorsal bulging of mesopleuron. Legs yellow, with pro- and mesocoxae black, metacoxa irregularly blackish; all femora black. Fore wing (Figure 4 (f)) membrane hyaline, with a black marking near anal break; veins yellow, gradually turning brown apically, with C + Sc, base of A 2, and outer margin before anal break brown. Abdomen black, with a longitudinal white band across the lateral aspect of terga of segments III–VI. Male and female terminalia black.

Structures. Head (Figure 4 (a)) inclined from longitudinal body axis by 90°, slightly wider than mesoscutum transversely. Lateral parts of vertex rather short longitudinally; anterior margin and base of lateral ocelli strongly convex, appearing distinctly contrasted from the inner-posterior angles; antero-outer angles distinctly bulging; boundary between vertex and gena clear. Surface of vertex finely sculptured with scaly microstructures and microscopic setae. Gena processes long and slender, gradually growing divergent, with apices subacute; outer margin strongly emarginated; genal whip setae relatively narrowly spaced. Antenna longer than HW; terminal setae rather long, the more distally situated one about 3/4 as long as the more proximally situated one (Figure 4 (g)).

Mesopraescutum strongly produced forward, pressing pronotum to be strongly arched. Metatibia with well developed genual spine, apical spurs arranged in 1 + 1 + 2 + 1. Fore wing (Figure 4 (f)) oblong oval, strongly widening until apical 1/3; posterior margin nearly straight; height of cell cu 1 distinctly longer than length of vein Cu 1b; fields of surface spinules relatively large, leaving spinule-free bands narrowing along veins; fields of radular spinules as shown in Figure 4 (f).

Male terminalia: Proctiger (Figure 4 (b)) without posterior lobe, gently arched, with nearly evenly spaced short setae. Paramere (Figure 4 (b–c)) slightly curved forward, with apex curved backwards; apical tooth relatively small, curved inwards, with tip subacute and pointed forward; base better expanded, near rectangular; inner surface with large amounts of long setae curving downwards, posterior margin also with large numbers of long setae. Distal segment of aedeagus (Figure 4 (d)) relatively long, robust basally, smoothly growing slender apically until apical dilatation; apical dilatation rather small, strongly hooked; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius projected upwards, and gently curved forward. Subgenital plate (Figure 4 (b)) rather small, with weakly sclerotised anterior lobe.

Female terminalia (Figure 4 (e)): Relatively long and simple. Anal ring covering less than 1/3 of the total length of proctiger; longitudinal row of rather long setae in dorsum of apical process formed of: four longest in the base, forming a weakly curved line, one short seta in apical 2/5, and one shortest in apical 1/5; fields of peg setae barely touching in the middle. Subgenital plate relatively long and narrow in profile, field of peg setae in subgenital plate covering apical 2/3. Valvulae dorsalis and ventralis gently curved upwards.

Material examined

Holotype: male, dry mounted, Xishaxiang, Yongshan, Yunnan, China, 28°17 ′ 56 ″ N, 103°58 ′ 52 ″ E, 23 April 2014, Luo Xinyu, by light trap . Paratypes: 4 males, 4 females, dry mounted, 1 female, slide mounted, same data as holotype; 1 male, dry mounted, 1 male, slide mounted, same location as holotype, 24 April 2014, Luo Xinyu, on Spiraea teniana .

Host plant

Probably Spiraea teniana . Before the light trap, we also observed several adults on the plant at dusk.

Etymology

Named after the time the type series was collected, ‘nocturnus’ = ‘night’.