Tullgrenella morenensis (Tullgren, 1905)

Figs 2F, 3F, 7A, 8A–D, 9A–D, 50A–C

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Euophrys morenensis Tullgren, 1905: 72, pl. 9, fig. 37 (holotype, male, ARGENTINA, Jujuy, Casabindo [22°58’00.1”S 66°04’00.1”W], Expedición Sueca of the Chaco and Cordillera, IV.1947, Moreno leg. (Natur historiska Riksmuseet, Stockholm), not examined).

Tullgrenella morenensis: Mello-Leitão, 1941: 192, fig. 85 (paratype, male, ARGENTINA, Jujuy, Yala [24°11’03.4”S 65°17’53.2”W], III.1939, M. Birabén leg. (MLP 14908, examined); female, IV.1947, M. Birabén leg. (MACN-Ar 6221), examined); Galiano 1970: 336, figs 1–4; Edwards, 2015: 69, figs 32A–H.

Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella morenensis differ from those of T. brescoviti Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 by the depression on the tegulum (Fig. 8C, see red arrow), and from those of T. guayapae Galiano, 1970 by the rotation of the large cradle-shaped conductor (Figs 8C vs 10C). Females of T. morenensis resemble those of the morenensis group by the monoplanar spiral on a flat epigynum and the copulatory ducts in double or triple-looped spirals (Figs 7A, 9C–D), but differ from those of T. guayapae by the copulatory ducts without depression on the first lap and tree loops (Fig. 7B), and from those of T. brescoviti by the rounded posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 7A–C, 9C–D vs 13C–D).

Redescription. Male (MACN-Ar 42165). Total length 5.05. Carapace length 2.33; width 1.86; height 1.16. Cephalic region length 1.20; thoracic region length 1.08. Ocular area length 0.87; Anterior eyes row 1.44 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.38 wide; Distance ALE–PME 0.25; PME–PLE 0.23. Ocular diameter AME 0.38; ALE 0.15; PME 0.15; PLE 0.14. Clypeus height 0.15. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.70; 0.39 wide; Fang 0.37 length. Endites length 0.39; 0.36 wide. Labium length 0.27; 0.27 wide. Sternum length 1.07; 0.78 wide. Abdomen length 2.43; 1.60 wide, height 1.30. Legs, femur length I: 1.29; II: 1.12; III: 1.51; IV: 1.66; patella I: 0.87; II: 0.76; III: 0.62; IV: 0.76; tibia I: 0.95; II: 0.73; III: 0.73; IV: 1.12; metatarsus I: 0.62; II: 0.41; III: 0.83; IV: 1.05; tarsus I: 0.46; II: 0.30; III: 0.52; IV: 0.51. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length of femur 0.94, patella 0.27, tibia 0.31, cymbium 0.82. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d1–1–1, p2di; II: d1–1–1, p2di, r2di; III: d1–1–1, p0–1–2di, r2di; IV: d1–1–1, p2di, r2di. Patella I–II: p1di; III–IV: p1, r1. Tibia I–II: v0–2–2, p1subdistal; III: d1di, v0–2–2, p4di, r4di; IV: d1di, v0–2–2, p4di, r4di. Metatarsus I: v0–2–2, p2di; II: v0–2–2, p2di; III: v0–2–2, pI–2, r1–2; IV: v0–2–2, pI–I–2, rI–1–2. Palp macrosetae, femur: d1–1–1. Carapace: chelicerae, as in genus (Figs 8A–B). Endites black as chelicerae, with protruding external angles lighter and serrated. Labium black, wider than long. Sternum slightly narrower than the base of labium, oval, black (Fig. 8B). Legs brown. Abdomen as in genus, white spots on dorsal posterior abdomen (Fig. 8A, see red arrow). Palp, femur brown, with reduced ventral basal protuberance. Tibia with retrolateral apophysis sclerotized, acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum (Fig. 8C). Hook-shaped projection between RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis (Fig. 8D, see red arrow). Dorsal portion of the tibia well-developed with rounded prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis (Fig. 8D). Distal cymbium with retrolateral curvature, brown (Fig. 8C). Tegulum with central depression in the middle, with groove (Fig. 8C, see red arrow). Embolar base projected dorso-prolaterally, tegular process globose and membranous (Fig. 8C, see purple arrow). Embolus thin, sclerotized and slightly curved, not exceeding the cymbium apex (Fig. 8C). Projections accompanying the embolus, pars pendula about half of embolus length, large conductor about half of embolus length, cradle-shaped, dorsal and prolateral to spermophore (Fig. 8C).

Female (MCN 19940). Total length 7.60. Carapace length 2.95; width 2.14; height 1.26. Cephalic region length 1.53; thoracic region length 1.4. Ocular area length 1.47; Anterior eyes row 1.66 wide; posterior eyes row 1.78 wide. Distance ALE–PME 0.42; PME–PLE 0.39. Ocular diameter AME 0.51; ALE 0.20; PME 0.06; PLE 0.21. Clypeus height 0.17. Chelicerae, paturon length 1.04; 0.57 wide; fang length 0.52. Endites length 0.77; 0.44 wide. Labium length 0.52, 0.48 wide. Sternum length 1.22, 0.85 wide.Abdomen length 3.12; 1.74 wide; height 1.69. Length femur I: 1.56; II: 1.3; III: 1.56; IV: 2.08. Patella I: 1.04; II: 1.04; III: 0.88; IV: 0.83. Tibia I: 1.04; II: 0.78; III: 1.04; IV: 1.35. Metatarsus I: 0.83; II: 0.88; III: 1.04; IV: 1.56. Tarsus I: 0.46; II: 0.52; III: 0.62; IV: 0.62. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length femur: 0.73; patella: 0.35; tibia: 0.42; tarsus: 0.63. Legs macrosetae: femur I: d1–1–1. p1di; II: d1–1–1, p2di; III: d1–1–1, p0–1–2di, r1di; IV: d1–1–1, p1di, r1di. Patella I–II: 0; III–IV: p1, r1. Tibia I: v1p–2–2, p1di; II: d1–1–1, p2di; III: v0–1–2di, p1–1–1didi, r1–1–1distal; IV: v0–2–2, p1–1–1di, r1–1–1di. Metatarsus I–II: v 0–2–2; III: v0–2– 2, p2dil r2di, d2di; IV: v0–2–2, p1–1–2di, r 0–1–2di. Carapace, chelicerae and endites as in genus. Sternum slightly narrower than base of labium, oval, brown (Fig. 9B). Legs lighter brown and yellow. Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites. Abdomen: dorsum lighter brown, with yellow spots medially, and white spots near posterior abdomen (Fig. 9A, see red arrow), venter and sides as in genus (Figs 9A–B). Spinnerets: coloration as abdomen’s dorsum (Figs 9A–B). Epigynum: copulatory opening into a fillet, forming a median septum with window (Fig. 9C). Copulatory ducts in monoplane spirals, with two turns (Figs 7A, 9D). The first turn large and with depression (Figs 7A, 9D) in the medial part, and the second turn with one loop, becoming slenderer and shorter, and uniting dorsally and anteriorly in the spermathecae (Figs 7A, 9D). Spermathecae ovoid, globose, fertilization ducts inserted on anterior/dorsal surface, close together, extending anteriorly to the sides (Figs 7A, 9D).

Material examined. BOLIVIA. Colomi, Cochabamba [17°20’48.6”S 66°08’55.3”W], 21.I.1982, E. Maury leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42168) . URUGUAY, Cerro Largo, Sierra de Ríos, Pedregal [32°10’7.00”S 53°51’25.00”W], 13– 16.IV.2017, Grupo PAIE leg., manual collection, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9057) . ARGENTINA. Jujuy, Tilcara [23°34’36.8”S 65°23’36.2”W], I.1981, P. Goloboff leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42238) ; Salta, El Alisal [24°51’01.4”S 65°40’59.9”W], 23.I.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♂ 7♀ (MACN-Ar 42173); ditto, 26.I.1981, A. Roig leg., 2♂ (MACN-Ar 42228); ditto, 26.I.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42246); Iruya [22°47’29.1”S 65°12’57.8”W], 26.XI.1981, A. Roig leg., 1♂ 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42169) ; Las Pailas [25°01’51.5”S 66°14’05.0”W], 29.I.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42244) ; Tucumán, Tafí del Valle [26°51’06.0”S 65°42’35.2”W], 11.I.1985, P. Goloboff leg., 3♀ (MACN-Ar 42166) ; Parque Los Menhires [26°56’23.3”S 65°42’37.9”W], 04.II.1990, A.D. Brescovit & A.B. Bonaldo leg., 1♀ (MCN 19940) ; Santiago del Estero, Ojo de agua [27°47’01.3”S 64°15’51.3”W], 02.IV.1995, M.E. Galiano, 1♀ (MACNAr 42159) ; ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42171); ditto, IV.1985, M.E. Galiano leg., 2♀ (MACN-Ar 42227); Catamarca, Singuil [28°28’09.9”S 65°46’45.5”W], 1953, W. Partridge leg., 1♂ 8♀ (MACN-Ar 42165) ; Mutquín [28°18’55.0”S 66°08’58.4”W], 02.II.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42167) . La Pampa [37°52’03.2”S 65°04’24.4”W], 06– 07.XI.1975, E. Maury & Toth leg., 5♀ (MACN-Ar 42162); Lihuel Calel [38°00’51.8”S 65°35’04.1”W], 11.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos, L.N. Piacentini & I.L.F. Magalhães leg., collected manually under rocks, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 34721) ; Córdoba, Villa María [32°24’37.9”S 63°14’39.7”W], IV.1985, M.E. Galiano leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42160) ; Cuchilla Nevada [31°24’53.2”S 64°31’48.1”W], 1♂ 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42164) ; Chubut, Puerto Lobos [43°08’43.6”S 65°31’09.4”W], 25.I.1975, E. Maury leg., 1♂ 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42163) ; Bahía Melo, Camarones [44°47’56.4”S 65°42’40.7”W], 22–30.I.1977, E. Maury leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42239) .

Distribution. Bolivia (Colomi), Uruguay (Cerro Largo) and Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, Córdoba, Chubut and La Pampa) (Figs 50A–B).

Natural history. Some individuals from Argentina and Uruguay were associated with rocks and collected manually in a fragment of mountains and grasslands (Ivan Magalhães & Damián Hagopián, pers. comm.). However, the occurrence of this species goes from the Chacoan and Brazilian subregions to the South American Transitional Zone, with a few records southward in the Andean subregion (Figs 50A–B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 30–3662 m a. s. l. (Fig. 50).