Ismarus rugulosus Förster, 1850

Figs 1E, 2G

Ismarus rugulosus Förster, 1850: 284 .

Ismarus rugulosus – Ashmead 1893: 380

Entomius rugulosus – Thomson 1858: 379. Generic transfer.

Diagnosis

Antenna uniformly brown to dark brown in both sexes; posterior part of scutellum coriaceous in both sexes; mesopleuron coriaceous-rugulose in both sexes; metasoma deeply scaly-reticulate in both sexes.

Material examined (80 ♀♀, 1 ♂)

AUSTRIA: 3 ♀♀, Tyrol, Neustift im Stubaital, 1050 m, 7 Jul. 1995, MT, C.J. Zwakhals leg. (NHMUK010265182, NHMUK010265183, NHMUK010265184) ; 1 ♀, Tyrol, Virgen, 1450 m, MT, 31 Jul. 1992, C.J. Zwakhals leg. (DNPC) .

CANADA: 1 ♀, Ontario, Ottawa, pan trap, 28 Jun. 1987, H. Goulet leg. (NHMUK010265188).

GERMANY: 2 ♀♀, Baden-Württemberg, Kraichgau region, NE of Karlsruhe, suction trap, three year old fallow, mown, 29 Jun. 1990, H.- J.Greiler (DNPC); 1 ♂, North Rhine-Westphalia, Leverkusen, reared from flood debris, 24 Feb. 1970, M. Boness leg. (DNPC); 1 ♀, pre-1859, J.F. Ruthe leg. (NHMUK010265186).

NORWAY: 1 ♀, Østfold, Hvaler, Ørekroken, 14 Jun.–18 Jul. 2007, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Østfold, Halden, Fredriksten, 27 Jul.–21 Aug. 2010, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Buskerud, Kongsberg, Laugerudmoen, 5 Jul.–8Aug. 2014, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 2 ♀♀, Akershus,Aurskog-Høland, Svarttjennhøgda, 10 Aug.–14 Sep. 2015, MT, A. Staverløkk leg. (NINA); 1 ♀, Buskerud, Lier, Toverud, 24 Jul.–1 Oct. 2015, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Buskerud, Øvre Eiker, Hokksund, Nordre Haga, 5–23 Jul. 2016, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Hedmark, Elverum, Starmoen, 13 Jun.–19 Jul. 2007, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 2 ♀♀, Hedmark, Eidskog, Magnor, Vanga, 10 Aug.– 14 Sep. 2015, MT, A. Staverløkk leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Vestfold, Horten, Borrevann, 1 Jul.–2 Aug. 2015, MT, A. Staverløkk leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Telemark, Siljan, Brenndalskarven, 3 Jul.–8 Aug. 2015, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Aust-Agder, Froland, Øyrekjerr, 5 Jun.–2 Jul. 2012, MT, A. Endrestøl leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Aust-Agder, Grimstad, Sandkleiv, 7 Aug.–19 Sep. 2015, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) ; 2 ♀♀, Vest-Agder, Birkenes, Vassbotn, 25 Jun.–19 Jul. 2016, MT, A. Staverløkk leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Møre og Romsdal, Norddal, Løberget, 22 Jul.–24 Aug. 2015, MT, O. Hanssen leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim, Jonsvannet, Tangen, 12 Jul.–9 Sep. 2011, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA); 2 ♀♀, Sør-Trøndelag, Midtre-Gauldal, Staverløkja, 26 Aug.–1 Sep. 2012, MT, A. Staverøkk leg. NINA) ; 2 ♀♀, Sør-Trøndelag, Midtre-Gauldal, Svintjønna, 22 Aug. 2016, MT, A. Staverøkk leg. (NINA) ; 1 ♀, Finnmark, Karasjok, Heastanjarga, 69.402084° N, 25.7515° E, 12 Jul. 2016, MT, F. Ødegaard leg. (NINA) .

REPUBLIC OF IRELAND: 1 ♀, Co. Dublin, Glenasmole, 2 Jul. 1941, A.W. Stelfox leg. NHMUK010265374).

SWEDEN: 1 ♀, Skåne, Åhus, 31 Jul. 1970, K.- J. Hedqvist leg. (NHMUK010265177) ; 1 ♀, same collecting data, 21 Jun. 1989 (NHMUK010265179); 1 ♀, Gotlands, Gotska Sandön, 28 Jun. 1953, K.- J. Hedqvist leg. (NHMUK010265180); 1 ♀, Bohuslän, Hålta, PK 67602075, 100 m, swept, grassland with horses, by Quercus woodland, 21 Jun. 1992, M. Söderlund leg. (NHMUK010265181) ; 1 ♀, Skåne, Kivik, 16 Jul. 1938, D.M.S. Perkins and J.F. Perkins leg. (NHMUK010265176) ; 1 ♀, same collecting data, 20 Jul. 1938 (NHMUK010265175); 1 ♀, Skåne, Trolle Ljunby, 29 Jul. 1974, K.- J. Hedqvist leg. (NHMUK010265178) .

UNITED KINGDOM: 1 ♀, England, Beds, Eaton Bray Down, s.w.slope, 16 Jul. 1967, V.H. Chambers leg. (NHMUK010265158); 1 ♀, England, Berks, Silwood Park,Ashurst plots, bred, host coll. 3 Jul. 1970, wasp emerged 28 May 1971, ex Streptanus sordidus female (NHMUK010265152); 1 ♀, England, Bucks, Princes Risborough, Chalk Hills, 30 Jun. - 4 Jul. 1943, R.B. Benson leg. (NHMUK010265153); 2 ♀♀, England, Cambs, Chippenham Fen, TL650693, carr/ reedbed, 9- 20 Jul. 1984, MT, J. Field leg. (DNPC); 1 ♀, England, Cambs, Monks Wood, TL202805, Fraxinus / Ulmus woodland, 26 Jul. - 15 Aug. 2005, MT, G.R. Broad leg. (NHMUK010265157); 1 ♀, England, Norfolk, Santon Downham, TL818883, heath with Betula and Pinus, 29 Jun. 1984, MT, J. Field leg. (DNPC); 1 ♀, same collecting data, 1- 15 Aug. 1984 (DNPC); 1 ♀, England, Surrey, Horsley, 11 Jul. 1937, G.E.J. Nixon leg. (NHMUK010265154); 1 ♀, England, Surrey, Thames Ditton, 27 Jun. 1970, Z. Bouček leg. (NHMUK010265156); 1 ♀, England, Surrey, Weybridge, 2 Jul. 1935, G.E.J. Nixon leg. (NHMUK010265155); 1 ♀, Wales, Ceredigion, Gwaun Garthenor, SN638558, pan trap, herb-rich meadow, peatland, 24 Jul. 1987, P. Holmes leg. (DNPC); 1 ♀, Wales, Clwyd, Sontley Marsh, SJ339481, Carex ripari a swamp, 3 Aug. 1988, P. Holmes leg. (DNPC); 1 ♀, Wales, Swansea, Pant-y-Sais, SS714941, Molina caerulescens / Potentilla erecta mire, 13 Jul. 1989, P. Holmes leg. (DNPC); 1 ♀, Scotland, Highland, Rassal National Nature Reserve, NG845543, Aug. 1991, MT, P.W. Brown leg. (DNPC); 16 ♀♀, Scotland, Perth and Kinross, Ballinluig, 20 Jul. 1977, J.S. Noyes, L. Rogers and T. Huddleston leg. (NHMUK010265159, NHMUK010265160, NHMUK010265161, NHMUK010265162, NHMUK010265163, NHMUK010265164, NHMUK 0 10265165, NHMUK010265166, NHMUK010265167, NHMUK010265168, NHMUK010265169, NHMUK010265170, NHMUK010265171, NHMUK010265172, NHMUK010265173, NHMUK 010265174).

Distribution

Austria (new record), Bulgaria (Petrov 1990), Canada (Masner 1976), Czech Republic (Hellén 1964), Denmark (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2016), Finland (Hellén 1964), France (Kieffer 1916), Germany (Kieffer 1916; Greiler et al. 1992), Italy (Bin et al. 1995; Masner 1976), Kazakhstan (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2016), Kyrgyzstan (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2016), Netherlands (Peeters 2015), Norway (Strand 1898), Republic of Ireland (Nixon 1957; Stelfox 1966; O’Connor et al. 2004), Russia (European, Urals) (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2016), Slovakia (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2016), Sweden (Kieffer 1916; Nixon 1957), Ukraine (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2016), United Kingdom (Nixon 1957), USA (Masner 1976).

Host

Reared from Anteon pubicorne (Dalman, 1818) (Waloff 1975, as Anteon lucidum (Haliday, 1828); Perkins 1976, as Chelogynus lucidus (Haliday, 1828)) and Lonchodryinus ruficornis (Dalman, 1818) (Dryinidae) (Waloff 1975, as Preanteon sp.; Olmi 2000), all from the United Kingdom. Moreover, one specimen was labelled as reared from a female of Streptanus sordidus Zetterstedt, 1828 (Cicadellidae) by V.H. Chambers.

Notes

Ismarus rugulosus is unusual in that almost all specimens are female, and it is possible that it is normally thelytokous. Only one male specimen, from Germany, was seen during this study.