11. Peridinetus irroratus (Fabricius)

(Fig. 29, 30)

Curculio irroratus Fabricius, 1787: 106 . Gmelin (1790: 1763), Olivier (1791: 509), Fabricius (1793: 429), Herbst (1795: 467).

Rhynchaenus irroratus . Fabricius (1801: 467).

Conotrachelus irroratus . Dejean (1835: 296, 1836: 321).

Peridinetus irroratus . Rosenschöld (1837: 468), Schönherr (1845: 56), Schmarda (1853: 571), Guérin-Méneville (1855: 597), Lacordaire (1866: 210), Taschenberg (1869: 226), Gemminger & Harold (1871: 2617), Kirsch (1874: 412), Chevrolat (1883: 79), Champion (1907: 175, 1909: 484), Seidlitz (1909: 326), Casey (1922), Hustache (1938: 9), Blackwelder (1947: 887), Voss (1954: 306), O’Brien & Wibmer (1982: 178), Wibmer & O’Brien (1986: 279), Coto et al. (1995: 48), Lyal & King (1996: 751), Lyal et al. (2006: 219), Davis (2009: 44) [attributed to Schönherr 1837].

Rhinobatus marmoreus . Dejean (1821: 97) [nomen nudum].

Peridinetus marmoratus auctt. [lapsus for marmoreus, unavailable name]. Chevrolat (1883: 79).

Peridinetus irroratus marmoratus auctt. [lapsus for marmoreus, unavailable name]. Hustache (1938: 9).

Heilipus variegatus Perty, 1832: 76 . Blackwelder (1947: 820), Kuschel in Wibmer & O’Brien (1986: 279) [synonym of P. irroratus].

Baridius variegatus . Perty (1832: pl. 15, fig. 14).

Hilipus variegatus . Gemminger & Harold (1871: 2430), Dalla Torre et al. (1932:38).

Peridinetus variegatus (Perty; not Hustache, 1949: 19). Kuschel (1955: 271).

Peridinetus incertus Casey, 1922: 8 . Blackwelder (1947: 887) [error, duplicate record], Kuschel in Wibmer & O’Brien (1986: 279) [synonym of irroratus].

Peridinetus irroratus incertus . Hustache (1938: 9), Blackwelder (1947: 887), Voss (1954: 306).

Peridinetus latiusculus Casey, 1922: 8 . Kuschel in Wibmer & O’Brien (1986: 279) [synonym of irroratus].

Peridinetus irroratus latiusculus . Hustache (1938: 9), Blackwelder (1947: 887), Voss (1954: 306).

Peridinetus sp. 5. Marquis (1990:107, 1991: 181).

Peridinetus sp. 6. Marquis (1990:107, 1991: 181).

Diagnosis. Peridinetus irroratus and P. ecuadoricus have a mottled dorsal vestiture (Fig. 29, 58) and this distinguishes them from all other Middle American species. Pardisomus albescens Prena is superficially similar but lacks a prosternal channel. Peridinetus irroratus was originally described from Cayenne in French Guiana. Specimens from there and other places east of the Andes have distinctly ridged interstriae 7 and 9, which are poorly developed in the otherwise very similar P. ecuadoricus (see note under that species). The color pattern differs slightly between South and Middle American specimens but there is gradual change in northern South America. The studied specimens were 4.8–8.5 mm long (standard length 4.6–8.0 mm) and on average somewhat smaller than South American specimens.

Distribution. This species is widespread from Honduras south to Bolivia and Brazil, but does not seem to occur above 1500 m elevation.

Plant association. P. arieianum (Marquis 14 ×; Prena, many), P. auritum (Ballou 3 ×), P. peltatum (Prena 3 ×; Stockwell, pers. comm.), P. phytolaccaefolium (Marquis 3 ×; Prena, many).

Type material. P. irroratus: holotype, French Guiana, Cayenne (ZNUC). P. variegatus: studied by Kuschel (1983), not seen by me. P. incertus: holotype, Peru, Chanchamayo (USNM). P. latiusculus: 2 syntypes, Bolivia, Yungas de la Paz (USNM 2).

Material examined. Honduras. Cortés: Muchilena (USNM 2). Nicaragua. Río San Juan: 7 km SE El Castillo, Refugio Bartola, 30 m (JPPC 3, SEAN 1). Costa Rica. Heredia: Puerto Viejo, Est. La Selva, 100 m (CHAH 2, CWOB 1, INBC 7, JPPC 8, USNM 18); 10 km SE La Virgen, 450–550 m (INBC 4, JPPC 4).

Limón: R.N.F.S. Barra del Colorado, Río Sardinas, 10 m (INBC 1). Puntarenas: P.N. Corcovado (INBC 8, USNM 2), Est. Sirena (INBC 5), Est. Esquinas (INBC 1), Est. Los Patos (JPPC 1); Rancho Quemado (INBC 3); Rincón, Fundacion Neotropica, 60 m (CHAH 2, INBC 1); Est. Agujas (INBC 4); P.N. Manuel Antonio (INBC 1); San Vito, 1100 m (CHAH 1, JPPC 1). San José: Ciudad Colon, 1200 m (JPPC 3); La Caja, 900 m (USNM 1); Puriscal, camino a Concepción, 500 m (INBC 1); San Pedro (USNM 3); San José (USNM 8); Zeledón (USNM 1). Panamá. Bocas del Toro: Chiriqui Grande, 100 m (JPPC 1); Canal Area: Alhajuelo (USNM 1); Ciricito (USNM 11); Gamboa (CHAH 1, USNM 1); Gatun (CHAH 5, HPSC 2, USNM 1); Lion Hill (USNM 1); Madden Dam (HPSC 1, USNM 1); Madden Forest (CHAH 2); 7 mi W Margarita (CHAH 2); Summit (USNM 2). Coclé: El Valle (USNM 2). Colón: Portobelo (USNM 47); Puerto Pilón (CHAH 1); XX Plantation (USNM 2). Panamá: Cerro Campana, 850 m (CHAH 9, USNM 7); Trinidad River (USNM 1). Total 199 specimens [plus numerous records from Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela].