Turridrupa bijubata (Reeve, 1843)

(Figs. 13 A–N, 23 B)

Pleurotoma bijubata Reeve, 1843: pl. 10, sp. 87. Type loc.: Bureas [Burias] Island, Philippines.

Turridrupa bijubata; Hedley, 1922; Oyama & Takemura,1960, Molluscan Shells 4: Turridrupa, figs. 3-5; Powell, 1967: 418, pl. 303, figs 1, 2 (syntype); Habe, 1970: 124, pl. 39, fig. 14; Cernohorsky, 1978: 151, pl. 54, fig. 2; Kay, 1979: 340, figs. 111H, 113I; Wilson, 1994: 195, pl. 40, fig. 18; Severns, 2011: 384, fig. 3, Tardy & Stahlschmidt 2022: 172, pl. 3 fig. 33.

Surcula bijubata var. nodulosa Bouge & Dautzenberg, 1914: 145 . Type loc.: New Caledonia.

Type material

SYNTYPES: 17.6 mm, 20.9 mm (NHMUK 1963798, Figs. 13 A–D) .

Types of Surcula bijubata var. nodulosa: not traced.

Sequenced material

PHILIPPINES: PANGLAO 2004: Stn. S2 (MNHN-IM-2007-40816).— PAPUA NEW GUINEA: KAVIENG 2014: Stn KB18 (MNHN-IM-2013-50774)—Stn KB46 (MNHN-IM-2013-54372)—Stn KD28 (MNHN-IM-2013- 53793)—Stn KR62 (MNHN-IM-2013-51981)—Stn KR70 (MNHN-IM-2013-53443)—Stn KS23 (MNHN-IM-2013-50772)—Stn KS27 (MNHN-IM-2013-51242)—PAPUA NIUGINI: Stn PD45 (MNHN-IM-2013-14317)—Stn PD53 (MNHN-IM-2013-15902)—Stn PM25 (MNHN-IM-2013-13580)—Stn PS 21 (MNHN-IM-2013-14279)— VANUATU: SANTO 2006: Stn. DS04 (MNHN-IM-2007-40987)—Stn. FB52 (MNHN-IM-2007-41195)—Stn. LD20 (MNHN-IM-2007-41213).— NEW CALEDONIA: KOUMAC 2.1: Stn KM302 (MNHN-IM-2013- 81841)—Stn KR216 (MNHN-IM-2013-84089)—Stn KR607 (MNHN-IM-2013-81534)—Stn KR614 (MNHN- IM-2013-84283)—Stn KR635 (MNHN-IM-2013-84299)—Stn KR636 (MNHN-IM-2013-85367)—Stn KR640 (MNHN-IM-2013-85527; MNHN-IM-2013-85528).—KOUMAC 2.3: Stn KB609 (MNHN-IM-2019-2506; MNHN-IM-2019-2507)—Stn KR1025 (MNHN-IM-2019-3980)—Stn KR1048 (MNHN-IM-2019-9098)—Stn KS503 (MNHN-IM-2019-2596).

Material examined

MAURITIUS: off Grand Rivière Noire, 20°22.4‘S, 57°21.3‘E, 15–40 m, dredged by Le Court de Billot & Stahlschmidt (2019), 1 spm (PS- 1119)— MADAGASCAR: ATIMO VATAE: Stn TP07, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014- 189)—Stn TS04, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-190).— PHILIPPINES: Cebu, Olango Island, ca. 10 m (PS- 241). — MICRONESIA: Guam, Piti Channel, 15–20 m, coral rubble, coll. by B. Cook, 6/1985, 1 spm, PS- 140.— PAPUA NEW GUNIEA: PAPUA NIUGINI: Stn PB26, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-817)—Stn PB38, 1 spm (MNHN IM-2014-818)—Stn PB50, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-819)—Stn PD19, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-820)—Stn PD25, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-821)—Stn PD70, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-822)—Stn PM25, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-823)—Stn PM27, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-824)—Stn PR13, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-826)—Stn PR124, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-825)—Stn PR202, 1 spm (MNHN -IM-2014-827)—Stn PR233, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014- 828)—Stn PS 47, 1 spms (MNHN IM-2014-829).— VANUATU: SANTO 2006: Stn DB12, 5 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-789)—Stn DB16, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-790)—Stn DB65, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-791)—Stn DB80, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-792)—Stn DB83, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-793)—Stn DB86, 3 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-794)—Stn DR72, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-795)—Stn DS04, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-796)—Stn DS06, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-797)—Stn DS108, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-798)—Stn EP36, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014- 799)—Stn FB52, 11 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-800)—Stn FB68, 3 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-801)—Stn FB72, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-802)—Stn FB80, 3 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-803)—Stn FR50, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-804)— Stn FR85, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-805)—Stn FS51, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-806)—Stn FS54, 2 spms (MNHN- IM-2014-807)—Stn FS79, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-808)—Stn FS84, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-809)—Stn FS86, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-810)—Stn LD01, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-811)—Stn LD12, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014- 812)—Stn LD14, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-813)—Stn VM46, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-814)—Stn ZB06, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-815)—Stn ZB09, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-816).— NEW CALEDONIA: LAGON: Stn DW7, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-744)—Stn DW29, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-745)—Stn DW217, 3 spms (MNHN-IM-2014- 746)—Stn DW304, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-747)—Stn DW458, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-748)—Stn DW550, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-749)—Stn DW553, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-750)—Stn DW771, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014- 751)—Stn DW888, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-752)—Stn DW1017, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-753)—Stn DW1025, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-754)—Stn DW1139, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-755)—Stn DW1154, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-756).—MONTROUZIER: Stn 1240, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-757)—Stn 1242, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014- 758)—Stn 1255, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-759)—Stn 1264, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-760)—Stn 1269, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-761)—Stn 1271, 27 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-762)—Stn 1272, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-763)— Stn 1285, 7 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-764)—Stn 1298, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-765)—Stn 1299, 1 spm (MNHN- IM-2014-766)—Stn 1302, 3 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-767)—Stn 1303, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-768)—Stn 1308, 10 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-769)—Stn 1310, 11 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-770)—Stn 1312, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014- 771)—Stn 1318, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-772)—Stn 1319, 22 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-773)—Stn 1365, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-774)—Stn 1374, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-775).—LIFOU 2000: Stn 1411, 2 spms (MNHN- IM-2014-776)—Stn 1417, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-777)—Stn 1419, 8 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-778)—Stn 1420, 13 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-779)—Stn 1422, 10 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-780)—Stn 1423, 18 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-781)—Stn 1424, 10 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-782)—Stn 1438, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-783)—Stn 1444, 12 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-784)—Stn 1453, 4 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-785)—Stn 1457, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014- 786).— FIJI: SUVA 4: Stn. DW08, 2 spms (MNHN-IM-2014-787)—Stn. DW21, 1 spm (MNHN-IM-2014-788).— HAWAII: Oahu, Ewa Beach, dredged 60–80 m by G. & B. Cook, 6/1992, 3 spm, PS- 216.

Distribution

From western Indian Ocean (Mauritius, Madagascar) to Hawaii in the east.

Description

Shell medium-sized for genus, claviform, up to 21 mm in height; very solid; spire almost twice height of the aperture including canal; suture very shallow; siphonal canal very short, tapering, very slightly oblique and shallowly notched; anal sinus moderately deep, U-shaped, its apex on the second spiral cord; parietal callus-pad well developed; interior of lip with about 5–6 well-developed spiral threads; lip preceded by an indistinct low, broadly convex varix.

Sculpture of narrow spiral cords (interspaces about 2 times wider), with sloping sides, 3 on spire whorls, occasionally increasing to 4 on whorl, almost equal in strength (sinus cord sometimes slightly stronger); sinus cord median, undulating (from slightly to more distinctly), other cords may also show weak gemmules; base of last whorl with 4 spiral cords and 5 closer-set, finer ones on rostrum; intervals between cords with 1–9 fine but well-developed spiral threads; no axial sculpture.

Protoconch domed, about 3 whorls, the first 1.5 whorls smooth, the latter with arcuate opisthocline axial riblets.

Background colour dark -brown, with buff, or pale brown-coloured spiral cords.

Radula (Fig. 23 B)>35 rows of teeth; posteriormost part lost during preparation. Central formation resembles an integral tooth with a rectangular base, indistinct anterior margin, and sharp, narrow needle-shaped central cusp (length/width ~6). Marginal teeth ~130 µm long (1.8% AL). Major limb broad, with shallow socket for accessory limb insertion. Accessory limb narrow anteriorly, gradually broadens to ~0.8 of major limb’s width. Length ~0.9 of major limb, extends strongly beyond outer limit of major limb.

Remarks

Turridrupa bijubata is only remotely similar to T. albofasciata and differing in the slightly stronger and different coloured spiral cords and the longer and less truncated siphonal canal (leading to a less claviform shell).

Hervier’s (1896) “var. nodulosa ” (a name later published by Bouge & Dautzenberg) was used for specimens of T. bijubata in which the peripheral cord is more strongly crenulated.