Centaurea longipedunculata Sch. Bip. ex Boiss.

(Fig. 3)

Flora Orientalis 3: 668 (1875) “ longepedunculata ”. — Colymbada longipedunculata (Boiss.) Holub, Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 7: 316 (1972).

LECTOTYPE (DESIGNATED HERE). — Iraq. In proclivibus orientem versus sitis pr. pagum Gara Kurdist. [Assyricae supra Mossul], 5.VIII.1841, Th. Kotschy, Pl. Alepp. Kurd.374 (lecto-, P [P02585330]!; isolecto-, FI [FI 006606!, FI 012678]!, GOET [GOET001278]!, HAL [HAL0112768]!, H [H1034886]!, JE [JE00015706]!, K [K000794200, K000794201, K000794202]!, M [M0030573]!, P [P00730220, P00730221, P00730222, P00730223, P00730224, P02585331]!, S [S10-6688]!, US [US00289164]!, W [W1889- 0065801, W1889-0294071, W0056442, W0056443, W0056444, W0056445], WAG [WAG0004184]!).

REMARKS

Twenty-six duplicates of the type of Centaurea longipedunculata were found at FI, GOET, HAL, H, JE, K, M, P, S, US, W and WAG, which had to be treated as syntypes ( Art. 40, Note 1 of the International Code of Nomenclature; Turland et al. 2018). According to McNeill (2014), the existence of a holotype cannot be established in this case, as there were more than one specimen for this species, housed in more than one institution. P00730226, P02585330, HAL0112768 and W0056442 show the roots and therefore the perennial habit. The specimen P00730226 is not suitable as lectotype because it has a handwritten label with a wrong number “74”, though it is probably from the same collection. HAL0112768 is fragmentary. W0056442 does not show the leaves very well. But most of the syntypes are even worse or has also as annotation the field book number of Kotschy “451”. The sheet P02585330 is better preserved and more complete than the other duplicates and best represents the species description given in the protologue; hence, it is designated here as the lectotype.