Identification key to the known species of Bryodemina Hull.

1 All abdominal tergites with dark brown bristles on basal ¾ and yellow on apical ¼ forming bands (Figs 51, 53, 89)............................................................................ Bry. hedickei (Paramonov), comb. nov.

- Abdominal tergites mainly covered with black bristles, not forming pattern of bands on all tergites (Figs 83–88)......... 2

2 Face and frons with yellowish white bristles on males and females (Figs 38, 39); cell r 5 either closed on wing margin or very slightly opened (Figs 40, 41)......................................................... Bry. fasciata (Williston)

- Face and frons with dark brown bristles on males and yellowish white on females; cell r 5 variable..................... 3

3 Abdomen entirely covered with dark brown bristles (males) or with dark brown bristles except tergite 4 with yellow bristles, forming yellow band dorsally on abdomen (males and females) (Figs 83–85). Yellow band slightly separated in middle in some specimens; wing with cell r 5 open at wing margin........................................................... 4

- Abdomen predominantly covered with dark brown bristles, except for two dorsolateral subtriangular areas extending from tergites 3 or 4 to 7 (Figs 87, 88); wing with cell r 5 closed at wing margin (Fig. 73)............. Bry. valida (Wiedemann)

4 Wing hyaline with dark brown infuscated area basally including following cells: from base to apex of costal (c), basal ½ r 1, basal 1/3 of r 2+3, all basal radial (br) and paler on basal ½ of discal medial (dm), all basal medial (bm), basal 1/3 of m 4, extreme base of cua and alula (Figs 7, 8); males with abdominal tergites entirely covered with dark brown bristles (Fig. 83); females with dark brown bristles on abdominal tergites 1–3 and 5–7; tergite 4 with long, thin yellow bristles, except for short, thin dark brown bristles on central 1/3 (Fig. 84).................................................... Bry. ayalai, sp. nov.

- Wing hyaline except for yellowish orange areas on basal costal cell (bc), c, bm and yellowish brown alula (Fig. 24); male and female abdominal tergites 1–3 and 5–7 with long, thin dark brown bristles; tergite 4 with long, thin yellow bristles, except for short, thin dark brown bristles at center (Fig. 85)......................................... Bry. enigmatica, sp. nov.

Taxonomy

Bryodemina Hull, 1973

Bryodema Hull, 1966: 227 . Type species: Anthrax valida Wiedemann, 1830, by original designation. [Preoccupied by Fieber, 1853.]— Evenhuis, 1983: 396; Evenhuis, 1991: 23.

Bryodemina Hull, 1973: 314 (new replacement name for Bryodema Hull, 1966). Type species: Anthrax valida Wiedemann, 1830, automatic.— Painter et al., 1978: 24; Evenhuis, 1983: 396; Evenhuis, 1991: 23; Evenhuis & Greathead, 1999: 251.

Brachydemia Hull, 1973: 306, 314 (as subgenus of Bryodemina Hull). Type species: Bryodemina latisoma Hull, 1973, by original designation.— Painter et al., 1978: 25; Evenhuis, 1983: 396; Evenhuis, 1991: 23; Evenhuis & Greathead, 1999: 250; Lamas & Evenhuis, 2014: 88; new synonym.

Brachydemina, incorrect original spelling of Brachydemia (Hull, 1973: 316) .

Diagnosis. Bryodemina are robust flies easily separated from other Lomatiinae by the elongate postpedicel, notopleuron and postalar wall with row of dense long and strong dark brown bristles, thorax and abdomen with dense bristles; wings with two submarginal cells; lateral margin of tergites with dense tuft of long bristles, which may present color variation between dark brown and yellow.

Redescription. Male. Body length: 13.0– 21.1 mm; Wing length: 13.5–20.6 mm. Head: holoptic, posterior margin of eye sinuous, conspicuous indentation with small black triangle area without ommatidia; scape cylindrical, twice as wide and same length as pedicel; antenna dark brown, gray pollinose; postpedicel laterally compressed in dorsal view; palpus not extending beyond oral margin; short, thin white bristles on margin of occiput. Thorax: notopleuron with 4 long and very strong black bristles; anterior ½ of postalar wall with tuft of very long, strong black bristles. Legs: dark brown pollinose. Wing: costal vein with dense dark brown bristles, longer near base and shorter at posterior margin; r-m crossvein obliquely positioned at apical 1/3 of cell dm; margin of alula with medium length, thin bristles; wing three times longer than wide. Abdomen: with dense long, thin bristles; lateral margin of tergites with dense tufts of long, thin bristles. Male terminalia, lateral view: gonocoxa elongate; gonostylus pointed with hook shaped apex; dorsal view: lateral aedeagal apodeme short, not surpassing gonocoxal apodeme margins; distiphallus short, not surpassing apex of posterior process of gonocoxa.

Female. Body length: 14.7–20.0 mm; wing length: 14.3–19.4 mm.

Similar to male, except for: Head: eyes dichoptic; separated by two times ocellar tubercle width; face and frons with thin bristles on upper half and spatulate bristles on lower half; face with spatulate bristles. Female terminalia: acanthophorite (tergite 9+10) divided in two separate sclerites; acanthophorite spines 1.5 times length of cerci. Spermatheca short, with well-developed, pear-shaped or guitar-shaped spermathecal bulb; two weakly sclerotized collars, developed on apical and basal ends of sperm pump.