Synophrus Hartig, 1843

A West Palearctic genus of 7 species, which was originally described as a gall inducer on oaks from section Cerris but later transferred to the inquilinous tribe Synergini on the basis of adult morphology (Ronquist 1994). Species in this genus invade various galls on oaks from section Cerris. Invasion of a gall by Synophrus is always lethal to the gall inducer (Pujade-Villar et al. 2003a; Pénzes et al. 2009) and is associated with extensive modification of the gall tissues, almost similar to the effect of the gall-inducer itself (Pénzes et al. 2009). Two species are currently known from Israel on Q. ithaburensis .Two additional species, S. libani Melika & Pujade-Villar and S. syriacus Melika, which are known from Lebanon and Syria, respectively (Pénzes et al. 2009), may also occur in Israel but have not been found yet.