Carriola ecnomoda (Swinhoe, 1907)

Figs 2, 4, 7-9, 10, 19, 28, 37, 45

Leucoma ecnomoda Swinhoe, 1907, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; zoology, botany, and geology (7) 20 (115): 77. Type locality: Java, Buitenzorg [Jakarta] [Indonesia].

Material examined.

Indonesia Java • 12 ♂, Meru Betiri National Park, 25 km S Kalibaru village 300-500 m, v.-vi.1996; ZSM • 3 ♂, Mt. Ranung, Sempoian, Secondary Rainforest, 08°10'N, 113°40'E, 28.i.1998, leg. Jakl (GU 21.965); ZSM • 4 ♂, Ujung Kulon, N. Park, 6°50'S, 105°35'E, 100 m, viii.1996; ZSM • 1 ♂, Sukanegara, Cianur reg. 7°06'S, 107°07'E, 1050 m, 18.-21.iii.2007 leg. Jakl; ZSM • 9 ♂, 5 ♀, Mt. Baluran, 7°52'S, 114°23'E, 600-1000 m, iv.1995 (GU 26698, 26.699); ZSM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Gunung Argopuro, 15 km SW Bondowoso, 8°04'S, 113°45'E, 7.-13.x.2004 leg. Jakl; ZSM .

Flores Island • 22 ♂, 3 ♀, Nusa Tenggara Timur, 15 km E Labuhanbajo, 200 m, forest, 9.-22.iv.1996, leg. Dr. R. Brechlin (GU 26.703, 27.969, 21.971, 21.616, 25.846); ZSM .

Alor Island • 22 ♂, Nusa Tenggara Timur, 8°16'S, 125°05'E, Moru, 500 m, 1.-8.iii.2006, leg. Jakl (GU 25.847); ZSM • 11 ♂, 8 ♀, the same data, but 22.iii.-03.iv.2006, (GU 27.967); ZSM .

Sumbawa • 5 ♂, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Kempo, 30 km W Dompu, 80 m, forest, 17.-18.iii.1996, leg. Dr. R. Brechlin (GU 26.702); ZSM .

Sumba Island • 1 ♂, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Gunung Mt., 50 m, iii.1997, leg. Andang (GU 25.848); ZSM .

Bali Island • 3 ♂, Central Bali, Bedugul District, Tamblingan lakes, 1250 m, 8°14'S, 115°08'E, iii.2005, leg. Jakl (GU 26.700); ZSM • 1 ♀, 550 m, 8°25'S, 114°58'E, 29.-30.i.1998, leg. Jakl, Schintlmeister & Cervenca; Lombok; ZSM • 14 ♂, Mt. Rinjani, S of Tanjung, 8°26'S, 116°10'E, 700 m, 16.-22.iii.2009, Pusok Hill, leg. St. Jakl (GU 27.966); ZSM • 1 ♂, 350 m, Pusuk Pas, 12.-13.iv.2000, leg. S. Naumann; ZSM .

Pantar Island • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, east coast 350 m Tanah Laband 9.-21.iii.2006, coll. Ströhle, leg. St. Jakl; MSW .

Diagnosis.

C. ecnomoda differs from related species by the concave margin of the hyaline window CuA2-1+2A. In most Carriola species the hyaline windows on the underside of the wings are edged by dark scales. In C. ecnomoda this feature is absent or only very indistinct. (Fig. 19b). The female is characterised by the white-green colouration of the wings, which contrasts with the dark olive-coloured background of the other species. The male genitalia are similar to those of C. thyridophora and C. witti sp. nov., but differ by an elongated valve, which is 1.2 times as long as the tegumen and uncus combined, with a characteristic narrow, pointed tip of the valva (Fig. 28a). The aedeagus is shorter and more slender and strongly bevelled at its anterior and posterior ends (Fig. 28b). The female genitalia (Fig. 37) are very similar to those of the Carriola ecnomoda species group, but differ from related species in the shape of the signum, which is clearly V-shaped. The lobes of signum are only slightly pronounced and as long as ⅓ of width of the signum.

Biology.

The species is associated with Durio zibethinus ( Bombacaceae) (Holloway, 1999). Adults have been found from May to November in lowland and mountain forests up to an elevation of 1250 m.a.s.l.

Distribution.

(Fig. 45). The distribution of C. ecnomoda is restricted to the Indonesian islands of Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Alor, Bali, Flores, Lombok, Pantar, Sumba, Sumbawa).

Notes.

The species was erroneously recorded for the fauna of Borneo by Holloway (1999) and by Kemal et al. (2019) for the Philippines (Panay).