Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) [N]—Greenback mullet

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil subviridis Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1836: 115 [Ganges River, Malabar, India; syntypes: MNHN A-3649 (now 1) Mumbai, A-3650 (1) Ganges, A-3651 (1) Puducherry, 1990-0132 (ex MNHN A-3649) (1);?ZMB (ex MNHN) 1834 (1) Mumbai].— Iraq synonyms: Chelon subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836); Liza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) .—Revisions: Thomson (1997: 533 as Chelon subviridis).—Illustration: Harrison & Senou (1999: 2093, fig., as Chelon subviridis).

Status in Iraq. First record from Iraq by Al-Nasiri et al. (1976); confirmed by Al-Hassan & Madhi (1987).—Iraq materials: Fish Collection of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq; Fish collection at the Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Iraq: Persian Gulf watersheds.—General distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and kwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf and Socotra (Yemen) east to Philippines, Tonga and Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to Shark Bay (Western Australia), New South Wales (Australia) and New Caledonia.—Habitat: This species inhabits coral reefs and occurs in coastal waters in marine, freshwater, and brackish habitats. It forms schools in shallow coastal waters and enters lagoons, marshes, estuaries, and the lower courses of rivers to feed. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Iraq: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, COM, EUT, FIT, TOU.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered a keystone species.—Decline status: Unknown.—Low priority for conservation action.