Kryptochroma parahybana (Mello-Leitão, 1929) gen. et comb. nov.

Figs 7–9, 20D, 21C

Stephanopis parahybana Mello-Leitão, 1929: 58, fig. 140.

Stephanopis salobrensis – Mello-Leitão 1929: 57, figs 137–139 (misidentification, only female paralectotypes).

Note

The type series of S. salobrensis is constituted by four syntype individuals of two different species. As the male has remarkable genitalic features and clear diagnostic somatic characters (Fig. 26A–B), we designate it as lectotype (see the section Additional taxonomic acts). The rest of the specimens in the type series are a juvenile and two adult females of K. parahybana, misidentified (Fig. 26C–D).

Diagnosis

The female of K. parahybana resembles that of K. hilaris gen. et sp. nov. by the light median line on prosoma and whitish clypeus (Fig. 7A); however, it can be distinguished from this latter by the five pairs of ventral macrosetae on the anterior tibiae instead of four, small and elliptical copulatory openings (Figs 7C, E, 21C) and epigynal plate lacking the median septum. Males may present a body coloration pattern similar to that of K. hilaris gen. et sp. nov.; however, can be easily differentiated by the shorter abdominal projections (Fig. 8A–B), reduced RTA with distal indentations (Figs 8D, F, 20D) and by the apical and sinuous embolus (Figs 8C, E, 20D).

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Paraíba; C.F. Mello-Leitão leg.; MNHN 17824.

Paralectotypes of Stephanopis salobrensis BRAZIL • 2 ♀♀; Bahia, Salobro; C.F. Mello-Leitão leg.; MNHN 3973

Additional material

BRAZIL – Amazonas State • 1 ♀; Manaus, Reserva da Campina; 2°36′19″ S, 60°02′11″ W; 18 Jul. 1973; L. Albuquerque leg.; INPA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 11 Jun. 1973; INPA

• 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 11 Jun. 1973; INPA • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 21 Mar. 1974; INPA • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 18 Jun. 1973; INPA • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 18 Jun. 1973; INPA • 1 ♂, 3 juvs; same locality as for preceding; 12 Jan. 1973; INPA • 2 ♂♂, 1 juv.; same locality as for preceding; 25 Apr. 1973; INPA • 1 ♂; Manaus, Reserva Ducke; 02°57′42″ S, 59°55′40″ W; 13 Nov. 1973; L. Albuquerque leg.; INPA • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; INPA • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 16 Oct. 1973; INPA • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 28 May 1973; INPA • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 13 Aug. 1973; INPA • 2 ♂♂, 1 juv., same locality as for preceding; 12 Mar. 1987; A.A. Lise leg.; INPA • 1 ♂, 2 juvs; same locality as for preceding; 4 Aug. 1987; INPA • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 5 Aug. 1987; INPA • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 12 Mar. 1987; L. Aquino leg.; INPA • 1 ♀; Manaus, Fazenda Esteio; 02°22′60″ S, 59°51′00″ W; 30 Oct. 1985; B.C. Klein leg.; INPA 1208 • 1 ♂; Manaus, PDBFF Dimona; 02°25′00″ S, 60°00′00″ W; 20 Dec. 2001 – 20 Mar. 2002; F. Rego & A. Cardoso leg.; INPA 2772 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; INPA 2773 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; INPA 2774 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; INPA 2775 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding, INPA 2776 • 1 ♀; Manaus, Reserva da Campina; 2°36′19″ S, 60°02′11″ W; 2 Sep. 1991; A.D. Brescovit leg.; MCN 21261 • 2 ♂♂; Manaus, Reserva Ducke; 02°57′42″ S, 59°55′40″ W; 14–25 Aug. 1991; A.D. Brescovit leg.; MCTP 1080 • 2 ♂♂, 1 juv.; same locality as for preceding; 19–24 Feb. 1992; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 1693 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 4 Aug. 1987; MCTP 29942 • 1 ♂, 3 juvs; same locality as for preceding; 12 Mar. 1987; MCTP 29943 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 28 May 1973; L. Albuquerque leg.; MCTP 29944 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; Manaus, Reserva da Campina; 2°36′19″ S, 60°02′11″ W; 25 Apr. 1973; L. Albuquerque leg.; MCTP 29946 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; same locality as for preceding; 12 Jan. 1973; MCTP 29947 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 14 May 1973; MCTP 29948 • 1 ♀; Manaus, Br. 174. ZF 2. Km 34. LBA; 02°40′34″ S, 60°02′47″ W; 15 Nov. 2005; S.M. Ketelhut leg.; MPEG 22723 • 1 ♂; Manaus; 2°35′54″ S, 60°2′15″ W; 17–19 Nov. 2013; B.T. Faleiro leg.; UFMG 14478 • 1 ♂; Manaus, Reserva Ducke; 02°57′42″ S, 59°55′40″ W; 14–25 Aug. 1991; A.D. Brescovit leg.; MACN-Ar 39669 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 12 Mar. 1987; A.A. Lise leg.; MACN-Ar 39672. – Pará State • 1 ♂; Oriximiná, Reserva Biológica do Trombetas; 01°11′56″ S, 56°41′49″ W; 17 Dec. 1979; J. Grazia leg.; MCTP 4762 • 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Melgaço, Flona Caxiuanã; 01°44′13″ S, 51°25′32″ W; 11 Aug. 1996; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 9514 • 8 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 9515 • 7 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 9516 • 4 ♂♂; Vale do Igarapé Mutum; 02°36′45″ S, 56°11′38″ W; 4 Aug. 2004; D.R. Santos-Souza leg.; MPEG 8767 • 2 ♂♂; Juruti, Sítio Três Irmãos; 02°27′51″ S, 56°00′08″ W; 4 Mar. 2006; S.C. Dias leg.; MPEG 9067 • 1 ♂; Melgaço, Estação Científica Ferreira Penna; 01°44′14″ S, 51°27′19″ W; 22 Nov. 2000; D.M. Takyia leg.; MPEG 37 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; A.M. Barros leg.; MPEG 41 • 1 ♀; Juruti, Sítio Barroso; 02°27′41″ S, 56°00′11″ W; 14 Aug. 2006; D.F. Candiani leg.; MPEG 8391 • 2 ♂♂; Juruti, Platô do Rio Juruti; 02°36′45″ S, 56°11′38″ W; 13 Aug. 2006; D.F. Candiani leg.; MPEG 8398 • 1 ♂; Juruti, Sítio Barroso; 02°27′41″ S, 56°00′11″ W; 14 Aug. 2006; N.F. Lo-Man-Hung leg.; MPEG 8415 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MPEG 8430 • 1 ♂; Vale do Igarapé Mutum; 02°36′45″ S, 56°11′38″ W; 6 Aug. 2004; D.R. Santos-Souza leg.; MPEG 8750 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 4 Aug. 2004; D.F. Candiani leg.; MPEG 8754 • 4 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 6 Aug. 2004; MPEG 8757 • 1 ♂; Juruti, Sítio Barroso; 02°27′41″ S, 56°00′11″ W; 13 Aug. 2004; D.R. Santos-Souza leg.; MPEG 8758 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; MPEG 8762 • 1 ♀; Vale do Igarapé Mutum; 02°36′45″ S, 56°11′38″ W; 5 Aug. 2004; D.F. Candiani leg.; MPEG 8765 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MPEG 8766 • 1 ♂; Platô Capiranga, Linha 168E; 02°28′22″ S, 56°12′29″ W; 10 Mar. 2006; D.R. Santos-Souza leg.; MPEG 9062 • 3 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; S.C. Dias leg.; MPEG 9064 • 2 ♂♂, 2 juvs; same locality as for preceding; 7 Mar. 2006; MPEG 9066 • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 10 Mar. 2006; MPEG 9069 • 1 ♂, 1 juv.; Juruti, Sítio Três Irmãos; 02°27′51″ S, 56°00′08″ W; 4 Mar. 2006; D.R. Santos-Souza leg.; MPEG 9065 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 02°27′41″ S, 56°00′11″ W; 11 Feb. 2007; J.A.P. Barreiros leg.; MPEG 14941 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 8 Feb. 2007; N.F. Lo-Man-Hung leg.; MPEG 14944 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 02°36′45″ S, 56°11′38″ W; 7 Feb. 2007; J.A.P. Barreiros leg.; MPEG 14942 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 12 Feb. 2007; MPEG 14953 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 02°27′51″ S, 56°00′08″ W; 11 Feb. 2007; J.A.P. Barreiros leg.; MPEG 14951 • 1 ♀; Melgaço; 01°44′13″ S, 51°25′32″ W; 10 Jun. 2006; E.J. Sales leg.; MPEG 30335 • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; J.A.P. Barreiros leg.; MPEG 30336 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 27 May 2006; E.J. Sales leg.; MPEG 30337 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 31 May 2006; B.B. Santos leg. MPEG 30338 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 5 Jun. 2006; B.C. Araújo leg.; MPEG 30339 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 26 May 2006; E.J. Sales leg.; MPEG 30340 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 27 May 2006; J.A.P. Barreiros leg.; MPEG 30341 • 3 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 5 Jun. 2006; B.C. Araújo leg.; MPEG 30342 • 4 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 1 Jun. 2006; B.B. Santos leg.; MPEG 30343 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 26 May 2006; E.J. Sales leg.; MPEG 30344 • 6 ♂♂; same locality as preceding; 1 Jun. 2006; J.A.P. Barreiros leg.; MPEG 30345 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 27 May 2006; MPEG 30346 • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 5 Jun. 2006; B.C. Araújo leg.; MPEG 30347 • 1 ♂; Juruti, Sítio Três Irmãos; 02°27′51″ S, 56°00′08″ W; 4 Mar. 2006; S.C. Dias leg.; MPEG 9068 ; • 1 ♂; Melgaço, Flona Caxiuanã; 01°44′13″ S, 51°25′32″ W; 11 Aug. 1996; A.A. Lise leg.; MACN-Ar 39670 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MACN-Ar 39671. Roraima State • 1 ♂; Ilha de Maracá, Fazenda Dínamo; 03°24′00″ N, 61°42′00″ W; 20 Aug. 1987; A.A. Lise leg.; MCTP 29949 .

FRENCH GUIANA • 1 ♂; Sant-Élie, Trinité Reserve; 04°35′00″ N, 53°18′00″ W; 7 Oct. 2010; V. Vedel leg.; MCTP 31973 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 9 Sep. 2010; MCTP 31992 • 1 ♂; Saül; 3°37′22″ N, 53°12′30″ W; 2015; V. Vedel leg.; MCTP 41965 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 41966 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 41967 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 41968 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 41969 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 41970 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; MCTP 41971 • 1 ♂; Saül, Les Gros Arbres; 03°37′29″ N, 53°12′28″ W; 31 Mar. 2011; D. Comus leg.; MCTP 31965 .

Description

Female (MPEG 30339)

PROSOMA. Anterior eye row strongly recurved, posterior eye row slightly procurved, ocular mounds discrete (Fig. 7A–B). Carapace predominantly reddish-brown with black pigmentation increasing on the sides and on the cephalic area; pair of posterior slope scars whitish-yellow and surrounded by a pair of setae emerging from cylindrical sockets (Fig. 7A–B). Chelicerae yellow with dark-brown taints, sternum slightly longer than wide, brown with a median yellow taint; endites and labium truncated, brown.

LEGS. Legs I and II present femora and tibiae predominantly black, with some yellow regions, while posterior legs are lighter, predominantly light-yellow with few light brown spots (Fig. 7A).

OPISTHOSOMA. Opisthosoma predominantly brown with yellow pigmentation on the edge of the abdominal projections; spermathecae rounded, slightly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 7D, F).

MEASUREMENTS. Eye diameters and eye interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.13, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09, AME– AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.11, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.04, MOQ length 0.38, MOQ width 0.43; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I – femur 3.62/ patella 2.17/ tibiae 2.84/ metatarsus 1.76/ tarsus 1.03/ total 11.42; II – 2.95/ 1.65/ 2.12/ 1.34/ 0.93/ 8.99; III – 1.76/ 1.03/ 1.60/ 0.77/ 0.56/ 5.72; IV – 1.96/ 1.03/ 1.55/ 1.03/ 0.72/ 6.29. Total body length 7.24; carapace 3.62 length, 3.36 width; opisthosoma length 3.62; clypeus height 0.24; sternum 1.20 length, 1.04 width; endites 0.61 length, 0.33 width; labium 0.40 length, 0.45 width.

Male (MPEG.ARA 9069)

PROSOMA. Anterior eye row strongly recurved, posterior slightly procurved; prosoma predominantly brownish-red with median thoracic region and clypeus light-yellow (Fig. 8A–B). Labium, endites and chelicerae brown.

LEGS. Predominantly brownish-red with yellowish taints on anterior tarsi (I and II) and on the proximal half of the posterior femora (III and IV).

OPISTHOSOMA. Predominantly yellow with a whitish line-like macula connecting the five reddish spiniform projections (Fig. 8A).

MEASUREMENTS. Eye diameters and eye interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10, PLE 0.10, AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.16, PME–PLE 0.06, MOQ length 0.44, MOQ width 0.30; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I – femur 1.60/ patella 0.90/ tibiae 1.10/ metatarsus 0.90/ tarsus 0.50/ total 5; II – 1.40/ 0.76/ 1/ 0.70/ 0.44/ 4.30; III – 0.90/ 0.50/ 0.80/ 0.50/ 0.40/ 3.10; IV – 1.10/ 0.50/ 0.80/ 0.56/ 0.40/ 3.36. Total body length 4.03; carapace 2 length, 1.76 width; opisthosoma length 2.03; clypeus height 0.20; sternum 0.90 length, 0.84 width; endites 0.48 length, 0.24 width; labium 0.26 length, 0.26 width.

Distribution

Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Pará, Roraima) and French Guiana (Maripasoula, Saint-Élie and Saül) (Fig. 9).